Acids and Bases 5/7/17



Summary: The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, 14 being the most basic and 1 being the most acidic. Water is neutral meaning it is in the middle of the scale. A base is high (14) on the pH scale because creates a lot of hydroxide ions when mixed with water. Bases are extremely bitter and a common example of a base would be soap. An acid creates a ton of hydrogen ions and is lower on the pH scale (1). If you have two beakers containing clear liquids, but one is an acidic and the other is a base how would you tell the difference. We would use a simple piece of litmus paper. Litmus dye is taken from lichen and put on paper. Adding acid to the mix would have red litmus that would be for testing bases and vise versa for testing acids.

 S&EP- Conducting Investigations:
This week, the main event was experimenting with cabbage juice. We added different solutions to test the pH level and see the differences between a base and an acid. The acid started at around a 5 or a 6 while the base was around an 8 or a 9. Each time we added more base or acid to make the solution more concentrated the color changed. The acid went from a violet to a vibrant pink while the base went from teal to a lime green. This color change helped me understand how to "read" the pH scale. 

 XCC-Cause & Effect: 
Cause and effect relationships are everywhere in chemistry. A chemical reaction itself has a cause and an effect. You start off with two or more compounds, they mix, and are rearranged to form a new product or products. The number of each atom do not change, but the product(s) are not the same as what you started with. Another cause and effect relationship is that a catalyst takes less energy to create a chemical reaction if a catalyst is involved. This is because a catalyst speeds up the reaction so the other components do not need as much energy to make the reaction occur. 

 Multiplier: 
 This week I was a learner. This is because the legends of learning games taught me many things and clarified many other things.

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